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The Complementary & Natural Health Directory aims to help you find out more about the wide variety of complementary treatments available. Wherever possible, treatments are described, the kinds of conditions they have been used to treat are listed, together with the names and addresses of governing bodies, professional associations or organisations, as well as local individual practitioners.
What distinguishes most of the treatments listed here is that their approach to diagnosis and treatment is holistic and often preventative. The holistic approach recognises that illnesses and overt symptoms are often evidence of underlying problems, which may be emotional or mental in origin, or connected with the client's lifestyle or beliefs and attitudes. Preventative medicine seeks to bring about a positive state of health and well-being in the client rather than treat specific symptoms, thus helping him or her avoid illness in the future.
Most therapists and practitioners regard the techniques they use as complementary to conventional ('allopathic') medicine, and would never advocate ignoring the advice of a trained GP or doctor.
When contacting any of the organisations or bodies listed, remember to enclose a Stamped Addressed Envelope (usually A5 size).
The BCMA has a seat on the Parliamentary Advisory Group for Integrated Medicine, and is active on the Medicines Control Agency board (protecting a therapists right to use supplements). The BCMA is an organisation of integrity (it is non-profit making), and has the ear and the respect of the Government because as members we demonstrate that we actively and voluntarily self regulate our professions. All Therapists abide by a strict code of conduct, ethics and disciplinary procedures.
For more information, please visit our Website: www.bcma.co.uk or email us on: info@bcma.co.uk.
Telephone/Fax 0845 345 5977. Or write to us at: PO Box 5122, Bournemouth, BH8 0WG
This is an ancient system of healing first recorded in China, Japan and other Eastern countries, 4,500 years ago. It began with the discovery that stimulating specific areas of skin affected the functions of various organs and systems of the body. Treatment is through the use of very fine needles which are used on acupuncture points - very precise locations on pathways of energy called meridians. Acupuncture does not work through the direct stimulation of nerves, although the nervous system, along with all other systems of the body, can be powerfully affected by it when there is illness. The needles affect the flow of energy (called Chi) through the meridians and thereby stimulate the mental and physical healing energies.Currently there are more than 3 million therapists world-wide.
Understandably, some people are hesitant about acupuncture because of the use of needles. However, they are much finer than those used for injections, and while it is usual to feel a slight pricking, it is always very brief and often barely noticeable. All needles used are sterile and disposable; they are never used again after a treatment is completed. A Department of Health code of practice is strictly adhered to by reputable practitioners in order to ensure complete safety.
Some feel immediate relief from their problems, others require more extensive treatment. Generally speaking, the longer a problem has existed, the more treatment may be required. If you are taking medication or having treatment from your doctor, acupuncture will work alongside and in many cases enhance the healing process. The intention is always to find and treat the cause of 'dis-ease', which may be a low level of pain, a lack of well being, or perhaps something more serious.
Notes: Acupuncture has proven very useful for a wide range of conditions such as asthma, circulatory and menstrual problems, high blood pressure, various kinds of paralysis, skin problems, migraine, digestive, bowel disorders etc.
Professional Organisations:
UK Practitioners: England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland
Alexander Technique, developed by an Australian actor Frederick Mathias Alexander at the turn of the 20th century, is a way of improving posture and movement, to enable the body to work in a more natural, relaxed and efficient way. It has the added benefit of promoting greater harmony between mind and body. Many 'students' or 'pupils' report greater energy and physical mobility, and typically a course of treatment or instruction lasts around 30 half-hour sessions, during which the student is made aware of the way he or she holds and moves their body. The Alexander Technique is especially popular with actors and musicians.
Notes: Can be used to treat conditions associated with poor posture, such as back pain, tension, headaches etc. Some Alexander practitioners claim to have treated a variety of other mores specific ailments such as asthma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome etc. Used by actors to enhance prescence and awareness of body.
Professional Organisation:
UK Practitioners:
Allergies such as hayfever (in which there is an allergic reaction to pollen) are surprisingly common, and many things we take for granted in modern life can cause an allergic reaction (in which the immune system over-reacts to the allergen and attempts to get rid of it from the body). These can include such things as wheat, food additives, household chemicals, dust or paint.Various systems are used to identify which foods or other common household substances may be causing an allergic reaction in the patient. Systems employed include muscle-testing (see KINESIOLOGY), electrical-testing, and the direct application of a range of the potentially reaction-causing items onto the skin. Another method is to follow a very restricted diet of non-allergenic foods and then gradually re-introduce other foods one by one, the patient carefully recording their responses over time. A regime of avoidance or diminution of the particular substances identified is recommended as a result.
Notes: Often used in specifically food-related conditions such as skin rashes, asthma, migraines, bowel disorders and coughs. General debility, insomnia and depression have in some cases also been proved to stem from allergies.
Professional Organisations:
Institute of Allergy Therapists, Ffynnonwen Natural Therapy Centre, Llangwyryfon, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion. SY23 4EY Tel: (01974) 241376
Action Against Allergy, 24-26 High Street, Hampton Hill, Middlesex TW12
After diagnosis to determine which oils would be most appropriate, highly concentrated and scented plant essences, called essential oils, are mixed with a carrier oil, and massaged into the skin. Oils can also be inhaled, added to baths or used in compresses. Essential oils should never be applied directly to the skin, and some should be avoided by pregnant women. Different oils are often combined for particular treatments.
What ailments can benefit? Chronic and recurring conditions, side-effects of prescribed drugs. Nervous problems such as depression, stress, headaches and insomnia. Promotes relaxation, stress-reduction and well-being. The elderly especially benefit from relaxing aromatherapy massage.
Professional Organisation:
Aromatherapy Organisations Council (The UK governing body responsible for setting standards of practice), 3 Latymer Close, Braybrooke, Market Harborough, Leicestershire LE16 8LN. Tel. & Fax: (01858) 434242
Aromatherapy Trade Council (authoritative body for the Aromatherapy Essential Oil Trade - promotes guidelines for the quality and safe use of essential oils), ATC, PO Box 52, Market Harborough, Leics. LE16 8ZX. Tel. (01858) 465731
The International Society of Aromatherapists, ISPA House, 82 Ashby Road, Hinckley, Leics. LE10 1SN. tel. (01455) 637987
The Register of Qualified Aromatherapists, PO Box 6941, London N8 9HF. Tel. (0181) 341 2958
UK Practitioners: England
This method is similar to Acupuncture, but concentrates on the ear, which, claim therapists, contains acupuncture points that are linked to various parts of the body. The ear is examined thoroughly to reveal problems in other parts of the body, and some therapists pass a small electrical detector over these points to detect any abnormalities. Treatment, using acupuncture needles or minute electrical pulses takes place on the appropriate acupuncture points. Patients are asked for their medical history, as well general details of their parents' or even grandparents' health.
Notes: Has been used successfully in the treatment of addiction, whether to drugs, alcohol, food or tobacco. Also in the treatment of arthritis, asthma, indigestion, migraine, urinary problems and nervous disorders.
Professional Organisation:
The Association of Auricular Therapy, 489 Lichfield Road, Four Oaks, Sutton Coldfield B74 4DL
Ayurveda is an intricate system of healing that originated in India thousands of years ago. Widely used throughout India today, it advocates a doctrine of prevention based on following a healthy and balanced lifestyle. Optimal health is seen as resulting from the harmonious balance of three underlying forces: Vata, Pitta and Kapha, which govern different aspects of the body's functioning. Treatment can involve herbal, or mineral remedies, dietary changes, physical exercises (yoga) and meditation.
Notes: Used for most ailments, and especially stress and tension. Also successful in the treatment of arthritis, diabetes, eczema, tuberculosis and ulcers. It is rumoured that Margaret Thatcher owed much of her energy to Ayurvedic Medicine.
Professional Organisation:
The International Society of Ayurveda, P.O. Box 3043, Barnet, Hertfordshire EN4 0QZ
Related Links:
http://www.boii.com/ Bazaar of India: Lots of information on Ayurvedic medicine as well as herbs and products by mail order
Autogenic Training is used to modify behaviour patterns and induce physical relaxation through a series of simple mental exercises, having their roots in Autosuggestion, Meditation and Yoga. A state of quiet relaxation is induced in the client by focusing on the inflow and outflow of the breath and by the repetition of positive mental affirmations such as 'I am peaceful and calm'. Once the client has learnt to induce the 'relaxation response', and can enter a light trance state, he or she can move on to more complex exercises such as the reinforcement of positive traits, feelings or states of mind through recalling them in as vivid a manner as possible. These are then 'anchored', for instance by pressing thumb and forefinger together. The idea is that when the client wishes to recall that positive state in the future, all she or he has to do is to press the thumb and forefinger together, and the unconscious mind will recall the feelings, images and thoughts associated with that action. For example, one could use this technique to induce a feeling of confidence before an important interview or stage performance. 'Anchors' are also used in Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP).
Notes: Used with people suffering from stress or tension-related disorders, such as migraines, high blood pressure, insomnia etc. Also for those seeking to bring about positive changes in their behaviour.
Professional Organisation:
The British Association for Autogenic Training and Therapy, Heath Cottage, Pitch Hill, Ewhurst, nr Cranleigh, Surrey GU6 7NP
Bach Flower Remedies are used to treat the whole person and emotional states, rather than particular medical symptoms. Thus for instance, one might use Larch to counteract feelings of failure or inferiority, or Heather for being overly obsessed with oneself. Originally developed by an English physician, Dr Edward Bach, in the early years of the 20th century, who discovered, after a period of illness, that he could intuitively sense the healing properties of different plants. Flowers are floated on clear spring water in sunlight, and the water, now 'impregnated' with the healing properties of the flower, is bottled after mixing with alcohol which acts as a preservative. The resultant stock remedy is diluted with pure spring water and taken orally with a dropper. There are 38 Bach flower remedies, and an all-purpose Rescue Remedy, a combination of five flower remedies, which can be used in cases of shock or trauma.
Notes: Most effective for emotional and psychological conditions, which in turn may lead to physical improvements or prevent physical conditions from occurring. Suitable for all ages and completely safe.
Professional Organisation:
Dr Edward Bach Foundation, Mount Vernon, Sotwell, Wallingford OX10 0PZ Tel: (01491) 834678
Chiropractors specialise in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of biomechanical disorders of the musculo-skeletal system, particularly those involving the spine, which often give rise to pain or discomfort in other parts of the body. After diagnosis, which involves the use of X-rays, assessment of medical history, and a physical examination of muscles and joints (usually done wearing underwear or a robe), treatment consists of a wide range of specific manual techniques designed to improve the function of joints, relieve pain or muscle spasm.The client lies or sits on a chiropractic couch, whilst the chiropractor adjusts the joints by getting the client to assume appropriate positions and by gently (and sometimes quickly) pushing or stretching the appropriate part of the body so that the joint moves as far as is comfortably possible. This often results in immediate relief and relaxation, though sometimes soreness or stiffness lasts a few days afterwards. Whenever possible, chiropractors work in co-operation with the client's own doctor. Chiropractic is similar in many ways to Osteopathy, though makes greater use of X-rays in diagnosis.
McTimoney Chiropractic is a particularly gentle, whole body, variation on this manipulative technique. It aims to correct the alignment of the bones of the spine and other joints of the body, to restore nerve function, to alleviate pain and to promote natural health. McTimoney Chiropractors check and subtly adjust bones of the skull, thorax, spine, pelvis and limbs, relieving problems throughout the entire structure.
Notes: Used in the treatment of low back pain, sciatica, lumbago, neck pain, whiplash, headaches, tension and sports' injuries. Also recommended for children with undiagnosed aches and pains.
Professional Organisations:
The British Chiropractic Association, Equity House, 29 Whitley Street, Reading RG2 0EG (01734) 757557 or Freephone (0800) 212618
British Association for Applied Chiropractic, The Old Post Office, Cherry Street, Stratton Audley, Oxon. OX6 9BA (01869) 277111
McTimoney Chiropractic Association, 21 High Street, Eynsham, Oxon. OX8 1HE (01865) 880974.
The Scottish Chiropractic Association, 30 Raeburn Place, Edinburgh EH12 5NX.
Practitioners: England
This therapy involves gently filling the colon with warm filtered water through a small sterile tube, called a speculum. When the water is flushed out, it carries with it any material that has built up in the intestine including water, waste matter, toxins and trapped gases. It is claimed that these can interfere with digestion, and also with general wellbeing due to the release of toxins into the bloodstream. During treatment, the client's lower half is kept covered and the process itself is not painful or discomforting. Practitioners will sometimes reccomend changes to the client's diet. Treatment should always be undertaken by a trained and qualified practitioner.
Notes: Used to treat constipation, bowel upsets (including Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and to strengthen deficiencies in the immune system.
Professional Organisation:
Colonic International Association, 16 England's Lane, London NW3 4TG Tel: (0171) 4831595
This involves the use of colour or coloured light as a form of healing. Diagnosis may take a variety of forms, including examination of the colours in the client's 'aura' - a large, egg-like radiation of energies that is believed by many to emanate from the body. An unhealthy body is said to give out an unbalanced pattern of vibrations, often seen as dark, muddy colours or aggressively jagged lines of colour. The colour therapist works to restore harmony. For instance, if a person complains of tiredness or a lack of energy, the colour therapist may prescribe 'bathing' for a short period of time in a strong red light, to promote vitality and stimulate blood-flow.
It is well known that colours have different effects on the personality and behaviour - for instance pink pacifies and is sometimes used in prison cells or police cells to quell tempers. Blue soothes and promotes reflection, whilst orange tends to enliven and cheer. Some colour therapists advocate wearing specific colours for specific purposes, and will advise on using colour in decorating the home or office.
Notes: Can be used for almost any disorder, in conjunction with orthodox medical treatment, though perhaps is more suitable for treating or bringing about particular states of mind.
Professional Organisation:
The International Association of Colour Therapy, 73 Elmbank Gardens, London SW13 0NX
Hygeia Studios, Brook House, Avening, Tetbury, Glos. GL8 8NS. Tel. and Fax: (01453) 832150
Assessment of medical history and present symptoms precedes treatment. Gentle manipulation of the head involving tapping and moulding, coaxes the bones into proper alignment.
Notes: Often used to treat neuralgia, migraines, headaches, breathing problems, high blood pressure and ulcers. Can be suitable for babies with birth traumas, accident victims with head injuries, and jaw displacement after invasive dental work.
Professional Organisations:
General Council and Register of Osteopaths, 56 London Street, Reading, Berkshire RG1 4SQ
Cranial Osteopathic Association, 478 Baker Street, Enfield, Middx. EN1 3QS Tel: (0181) 3675561
Related UK Training:
College of Cranio-Sacral Therapy (London): Comprehensive professional training in this exceptionally gentle yet exteremely powerful therapy.
During this extremely gentle treatment the therapist can determine by touch, initially via the bones of the cranium and spine, what is going on in the body. This therapy is client-led; your body sets the pace of work so that you remain comfortable and in control and able to integrate the changes that occur. The client may feel a deep sense of relaxation combined with sensations of heat, tingling and pulsation. This therapy works with the fluids in the body, particularly that flowing from the head (cranium) to the sacrum.
CST works with the body’s natural rhythms.It is non-invasive: a light touch is usually all that is needed to achieve a response. If local pain makes it difficult to treat a particular part of the body directly it can be treated remotely. For example, a condition in the pelvis can be treated from the cranium. It is quite usual for symptoms in one part of the body to be treated elsewhere and for problems to be spontaneously corrected when other apparently unrelated conditions are being treated.
Cranial goes on working after the therapy session. It is gentle and entirely natural and because it progresses at a rate determined by the patient’s own healing process no harm can be done or negative side effects caused. It is common for various reactions to occur as with any natural healing, especially for a few days after a session, and changes in normal symptoms may be noticed. Treatment takes place fully clothed. Soft, loose clothing is best, allowing better relaxation for the client and more effective contact for the practitioner. Support garments should not be worn (with the exception of anything worn for medical purposes).
Notes: Can be used on babies to treat colic, the various problems arising from birth trauma such as distorted cranium, developmental difficulties in the head, spine and pelvis, glue ear. In older children and adults: persistent headaches, migraine, some disorders of the nervous system, asthma and other breathing difficulties, digestive/bowel disorders, facial pain, some eye and ear problems including tinnitus, and emotional disorders. Also effective for those seeking those seeking an increased sense of vitality and well-being.
Professional Organisations:
The Secretary, Craniosacral Therapy Association, Monomark House, 27 Gloucester Road, London WC1N 3XX. Tel. (0181) 5434969
International Register of Cranio-Sacral Therapy, 9 St. George's Mews, Primrose Hill, London NW1 8XE. Tel: (0171) 4830120
Cranial Osteopathic Association, 478 Baker Street, Enfield, Middx. EN1 3QS. Tel. (0181) 367 5561
UK Training:
College of Cranio-Sacral Therapy (London): Comprehensive professional training in this exceptionally gentle yet exteremely powerful therapy.
As crystals were the first forms of life, they are the most ancient of healing tools used by civilisations for thousands of years. Crystal energy, known as Piezo Electricity, balances the energy of the body. The therapist may work on the chakras, the energy centres of the body, and the aura, the energy field surrounding the body. The chakras relate to specific parts of the body and can be balanced with crystals. Each type of crystal emanates its own particular qualities corresponding to that of the mineral from which they were originally formed. The therapist acts as a healing channel between the crystal and the patient. Crystals are also used by FENG SHUI practitioners in mitigating the negative effects of electrical equipment.
Notes: Claims to accelerate the healing of wounds, burns, sprains and post-operative scar tissue, also to allay onset of colds and flu.
Professional Organisation:
Pronounced "dough-in", this ancient form of Chinese massage claims to prevent disease rather than cure it. A series of exercises is taught which strengthen and maintain the meridians or energy channels of the body that affect all the major organs. Primarily a self-help technique, initial instruction in a class is advised.
Notes: Primarily a self-help therapy for disease prevention - strengthens the constitution.
Professional Organisation:
Diagnosis by the use of a divining rod or pendulum suspended by a thread, of the client and/or the client's environment. It is claimed that a dowser can locate areas of disease within the body and also areas of geopathic stress within buildings which could be causing the disease.
Notes: Primarily a diagnostic tool.
Professional Organisation:
Developed by Moshe Feldenkrais, an engineer and applied physicist, it is a way of making the machinery of the body work correctly by using exercises that develop new patterns in the brain. Two techniques: Awareness Through Movement, taught in classes, and Functional Integration, taught on a one-to-one basis.
Notes: Used in treating arthritis, chronic back pain, muscle injuries, stroke victims, cerebral palsy and spinal disorders.
Professional Organisation:
Feng Shui has been called the 'art of placement' and has been widely practiced in China since ancient times. It is based on the belief that harmony within one's environment leads to physical and mental harmony, as well as properity. A trained Feng Shui practitioner will visit your home or office and spend two to three hours assessing your environment. He or she will then advise on changes or adjustments to furniture, the position of mirrors, colours of walls (and much more), in order to improve the flow of energy in the surroundings, and thus also of harmony. Many Feng Shui principles are based on common sense. For instance, to enhance one's sense of security (and thus promote proper rest) in a bedroom, one should ensure that one has a clear view of the door, and thus of any potential intruders. To learn all the principles of this fascinating art takes many years, and promotes a greater sensitivity to the effects of the environment on human wellbeing.
Notes: Nearly all buildings in Hong Kong are sited and furnished with advice from Feng Shui practitioners.
Professional Organisation:
Complete relaxation of mind and body is the aim. Clients lie in 10 inches of water, maintained at body temperature, and to which minerals have been added to ensure that one floats with ease, for between one and two and a half hours. Floatation takes place in total or semi-darkness. Other therapies may be combined with the floatation. Can induce great calm, euphoria and occasionally, dream-like hallucinations.
Notes: Can be used to relieve stress, insomnia and anxiety.
Professional Organisation:
The aim of this therapy is to harmonise mind, body and spirit and in the process enable clients to express feelings of love and peace. It is claimed that the 70 or so bottled flower essences, imported from California, incorporate vibrations of the sun's energy. This treatment is not designed in any way to replace conventional medical treatment.
Notes: Used to treat such conditions as anxiety, depression, nervous disorders and tiredness.
Professional Organisations:
Practitioners undergo a four-year training. An initial consultation involves taking a medical history, testing blood pressure and giving a full physical examination. Patients are treated as individuals and all herbal prescriptions are specifically designed with this in mind. The medicines, which are derived from plants, are also the basis of many modern drugs, though work more slowly than conventional drugs and are formulated to enhance the ability of the body to heal itself. Herbal medicines may also be prescribed as a preventive measure.
Notes: There are herbal medicines for many complaints, especially long term conditions such as arthritis, migraine and skin disorders.
Professional Organisation:
The Principles of HOMEOPATHY - literally meaning "like cures like" from Greek - have been recognised since ancient times. Homoeopaths treat underlying causes and not merely symptoms, regarding ill-health as an imbalance in the body. First consultations are usually lengthy in order to provide time for a very full medical history. The aim of the treatment is to stimulate the body's own healing ability and recover the balance that had been lost. Minute doses of the homoeopathic remedy are diluted in water and re-diluted several times, a process known as potentisation, which paradoxically is believed to increase its potency. Homoeopaths take special account of the mental and emotional state of the patient.
Notes: Homeopaths claim to be able to treat most conditions, especially where there is an emotional or psychological origin.
Professional Organisations:
The value of water treatments has been recognised since ancient times. Water is regarded as the fount of all life and can activate the body's healing energies. Specific applications of water are recommended for different complaints including exercises in water, compresses, wrapping, Sitz baths, sprays and inhalation. Many of these treatments are now carried out by PHYSIOTHERAPISTS and NATUROPATHS.
Notes: May help with back and joint pain, rheumatism, gallstones, headaches, menstrual problems, anaemia, arthritis, sprains, ME and post-viral fatigue.
Professional Organisation:
Therapists induce a trance state in their patients which is similar to that experienced when sleepwalking or daydreaming. The trance is a healing state during which the unconscious mind is more open to suggestion than normal. Positive suggestions given by the Hypnotherapist are taken in by the unconscious and bring about positive changes in the client's life. The therapist does not control the patient but rather works with him/her to create the desired change in thinking or behaviour. A medical history is taken and a full explanation of what will happen are given in the first session. Therapists will often teach their patients self-hypnosis to help them between sessions.
Notes: Can be used to to treat stress-related conditions such as skin disorders, migraines, ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, smoking, asthma, insomnia and phobias.
Professional Organisation:
Iridology is the study of the Iris of the eye (the coloured part) to determine information about the body, the causes of symptoms and diseases. It is not a treatment but a way of diagnosing the causes of illness or imbalance. Diagnosis is made by analysing the markings on the irises of the eyes, iridologists claiming that different areas of the iris correspond to different parts of the body. Iridologists can also identify ten different types of constitution by looking for delicate patterns in the iris. Treatment is suggested according to these findings and also warning signs of later problems can be heeded. Many holistic therapists use iridology in their diagnoses.
Professional Organisations:
This therapy, developed in 1964 by an American Chiropractic doctor, stems from the theory behind the knee-tapping test of reflexes. Each set of muscles is thought to be related to different parts of the body, and when the muscles are working well so is the body as a whole. Having isolated imbalances, deficiencies or physical problems, the practitioner will attempt to redress these by gentle fingertip massage on pressure points on the body and scalp. Kinesiology can also be used in a preventive capacity.
Notes: Kinesiologists claim to be able to treat many conditions, especially effective allergies and food sensitivities. Also digestive problems, chronic fatigue, ME, back pain and phobias.
Professional Organisations:
Named after a Russian engineer whose findings were recognised in the early sixties , this process involves taking photographs (using a Kirlian camera) of the client's aura. The practitioner can then make a diagnosis of mental and physical disorders often before any symptoms manifest themselves, and will suggest appropriate treatments from Acupuncture to Yoga. Such photographs are often startlingly beautiful, and are often different according to what emotional or physical state we are in when the photograph is taken.
Notes: Primairly a diagnostic tool.
Practised for over 5,000 years, this is one of the oldest therapies. The whole person is treated using four basic techniques: effleurage (stroking), friction, (pressure) percussion (drumming) and petrissage (kneading). All forms of massage use oil. Treatments restore relaxation and peace while reducing or ousting problems. Massage is now incorporated in other therapies such as Acupuncture, Rolfing (tissue massage), Aromatherapy, Reflexology and Shiatsu.
Notes: Effective for the treatment of tension, headaches, insomnia, anxiety, depression, back and neck pain. Athletes and dancers have regular massage to relieve stiffness and to expel toxic waste accumulated after strenuous activity. Also now used to alleviate the discomforts experienced by cancer patients.
Professional Organisations:
UK Practitioners: England
Regarded as the ultimate self-help method by many therapists. There are many different forms of meditation, such as Transcendental Meditation, Zen, Vipassana) some aligned to particular religions, others requiring no faith at all. Often meditation involves gently focusing on something simple such as a word (or Mantra), a candle, or one's breath. This has the effect of calming the mind and relaxing the body. Scientific research has discovered the existence of the 'relaxation response' which is the term given to the deep state of relaxation reached in meditation. The body and mind in this state is said to be in a deeper state of relaxation than during dreamless sleep. The profound relaxation gained allows stress to be released, and result in strengthening of the body and nervous system, and leading to benefits in all aspects of life. To be effective meditation requires perseverance and time - from 10 to 20 minutes daily. It is practised by people of many faiths as a route to enlightenment and spiritual illumination.
Notes: Can be used to treat anxiety, insomnia, high blood pressure, breathing difficulties, stress-related illnesses.
Professional Organisations:
UK Teachers: England
Developed by British Naturopath, Robert St John, in the 1960's, as an extension of REFLEXOLOGY, it focuses on the relationship between the feet and the growth of the baby in the womb. Practitioners do not profess to cure, rather they aid their patients to become more positive and thus able to handle long-standing difficulties. Reflexology emphasises the massage of the feet in various parts which link with certain areas of the body, while the Metamorphic Technique places more emphasis on working with those reflex areas that link to the spine, since these give a greater indication of the development of the individual before birth when many fundamental physical and psychological characteristics are formed.
Notes:
Professional Organisation:
Once known as "Nature Cure", Naturopathy focuses on helping the body to heal itself and aims to identify and treat the underlying cause of the disease, when the body's normal balance has faltered. The practitioner takes full account of the whole person, physical, emotional, biochemical and social conditions, and will draw on a wide variety of therapies including Chiropractic, Dietary advice, Hydrotherapy, Massage, Osteopathy and Yoga.
Notes: Has been used to trear degenerative conditions such as arthritis and emphysema, and conditions with no definable medical cause such as anxiety and tiredness. Aids faster recovery from colds, 'flu, diarrhoea and skin disorders.
Professional Organisation:
Professional Organisation:
Osteopathy, now accepted by conventional medicine and one of the most widely used complementary therapies, is used to diagnose and treat disorders resulting from the misalignment of the skeletal system and corresponding joints, muscles and ligaments, and in particular, the spinal system. These misalignments are the result of general wear and tear, injury or even stress, and often cause secondary problems such as headaches and migraines. The treatment is quite active, in that the chiropractor will move the client's body into different positions by pushing, pulling or applying pressure. Osteopaths assess the client's medical history, observe their movement and posture, and sometimes use X-rays to perform a thorough diagnosis. Fully qualified osteopaths undergo four years' training and have the letters MRO (Member of the Register of Osteopaths) after their name.
Notes: Used for treating problems associated with bones, joints, muscles or ligaments. Other related conditions including tension headaches and the onset of osteoarthritis. Also appropriate for those seeking to improve bodily functioning, e.g. athletes, dancers and sedentary workers.
Professional Organisation:
Related UK Training:
College of Cranio-Sacral Therapy (London): Comprehensive professional training in this exceptionally gentle yet exteremely powerful therapy.
The observation by a French traveller in the 1930's of a dehydrated, un-decayed, cat in the Great Pyramid at Giza, led to the discovery of the electromagnetic force emitted by the pyramid. Experiments have replicated this effect within other pyramidal shaped structures, resulting in the growth-rate of seeds being increased and some foods tested merely dehydrating rather than going mouldy over time. People have also experienced sounder sleep within a pyramid shape and relief from toothache, headaches, cramps and rheumatic pain. The Patient lies under the pyramid for varying lengths of time; some sleep under pyramids every night.
Notes: As research into this therapy is in its infancy, it is not possible to include a broad spectrum of verified benefits. However, people report a greater sense of well-being, better sleep and relief from a variety of aches.
A Swiss priest, the Abbe Mermet, used dowsing for medical diagnosis in the 1920's and introduced the term 'radiesthesia' meaning sensitivity to radiation. All forms of matter exude radiation and Radionics is a way of distant healing based on the diagnosis provided by the initial Radiesthesia. The practitioner, by means of special instruments, constructs an holistic picture of the patient and identifies areas of imbalance. Before this the patient completes a case history form and often includes a small lock of hair which aids the practitioner in his/her work of coaxing the body and mind to draw on its own healing properties.
Notes: Claims to be able to treat most ailments, as the practitioner aims to heal the whole person.
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Said to have been discovered 5000 years ago in China, this therapy treats disease by massaging the feet. Various areas of the feet are thought to link with the different organs of the body. The therapy was introduced into the West around 1913 by an American ENT specialist, Dr William Fitzgerald, who conceived the idea of dividing the body into ten zones, or links, which extend from the feet up to the head and into the hands. This addition to the original therapy is known as Zone Therapy. The practitioner can sense by touch which areas need healing and by firm massage will attempt to remove the blocks that are causing problems, by freeing up the vital channels of energy.
Notes: Used to treat back pain, digestive problems, migraine, menstrual difficulties, sinus problems and stress. More grave conditions such as heart disorders, multiple sclerosis and strokes have also responded to this therapy.
Professional Organisations:
Wilhelm Reich, a Psychiatrist, based his original psychoanalytical work on Freudian concepts. Later he left Vienna and established himself in the USA, where he augmented and questioned Freud's methods. He advanced the theory that suppressed emotional traumas create physical tensions, which could be cured (along with the trauma) by specific physical movements. The Reichian therapist alerts the patient to the emotions mirrored in his/her posture - termed 'body-armouring' By physical manipulation designed to relax the 'body armouring', both physical and emotional tensions are released. These ideas were later expanded into BIOENERGETlCS. Reich himself died in prison after his theories, which connected psychological problems with inhibited sexual energies - particularly those involving orgasm, led him into conflict with the medical authorities. Currently his theories are being revived and treated with respect.
Notes: Used to treat deep-rooted psychological, sexual and emotional problems.
Professional Organisation:
Rolfing, or 'structural integration', was developed by an American Biological Chemist, Dr Ida Rolf, over a period of 40 years. She believed that many illnesses resulted from poor posture. In rectifying their rounded shoulders or hunched backs, patients use up vital energy and thus leave themselves wide open to disease. The 'structural integration' involves massaging the tissue and muscles so that the body can be re-aligned with ease into straight vertical lines. Dr Rolf was convinced that total health can be achieved only when the energy field of the body is supported correctly by the gravity of the Earth. Rolfing is a combination of Chiropractic/Osteopathy and Bioenergetics.
Notes: Used to treat any condition connected with posture such as certain types of back pain, difficulty with breathing, headaches. Also for those wishing to acquire a greater sense of physical well-being.
Information: Roger Golton, 23 The Grove, Latimer, Chesham, Bucks HP5 1UE
Although 'shiatsu' means 'finger pressure', this therapy involves the use of the thumbs, palms and heels of the hands, forearms, elbows, knees and feet. It originated from ancient oriental massage of the hands and feet, as did ACUPRESSURE, though unlike ACUPUNCTURE was practised within the home. In the early 1900's it became a more general therapy - often described as 'acupuncture without needles'. Largely preventive, it involves pressure on specific points in the patient's body to encourage the flow of energy (called 'Chi') and thus harmonise any imbalances which may be causing disease. The mind, emotions and spirit are also affected positively by the treatment.
Notes: Used to treat migraine, back pain, digestive problems, stress, tension, insomnia and depression, as well as promote general well-being.. Convalescents and those with chronic stiffness may also benefit.
Professional Organisations:
A wide variety of approaches are employed, though usually healers will create a calm atmosphere and ask the client to envisage themselves becoming well. Some healers work with the energy of the client without actually touching them, others will hold the head and then work down the spine. Often clients report feelings of intense heat emanating from the healer's hands and penetrating the body. Many healers see themselves as channels for the healing energy, and believe that everyone potentially has this ability.
Notes: For any condition, as well as for general well-being. Some cancer patients and the terminally ill find peace and comfort through this form of healing.
Professional Organisations:
Links: Fountain International Global Community Healing Project.
Deeply-ingrained in both ancient and modern Chinese culture, T'AI CHI which means "wholeness", is a method combining meditation with gentle physical movement, preferably in the open air. It is based on the same theory underlying other Chinese therapies - that illness is the result of imbalance in the flow of energy around the body. Because of its gentle nature, it is widely practised by young and old alike as a form of exercise. It has been practised in the West for most of this century.
Notes: T'ai Chi promotes general well-being, reduces stress and is a form of exercise particularly suited to the elderly. For those with highly-pressurised lives it can bring welcome serenity.
Professional Organisation:
A one-to-one therapy where the client is given appropriate dietary advice in conjunction with support and general observation of their eating strategies and behaviour. This is an holistic approach, since eating disorders often reflect low self image and lack of self-esteem. An increasing number of people in the West use food as a drug or as a means of escape from painful feelings. The client is assisted sensitively throughout the dietary changes necessary until he/she can maintain a satisfactory body weight.
Notes: Suitable for those who experience anxiety, depression, or physical problems as a result of being overweight. Also for those with Bulimia (bingeing followed by vomiting and feelings of guilt).
Professional Organisation:
Yoga is the Sanskrit word meaning "yoke" or "union" as it a training for the body and the mind in unison. There are various forms of yoga which originated in India, the best known and the most practised in the West is HATHA YOGA. The success in the 1960's of yoga treatment for Sir Yehudi Menuhin's frozen shoulder did much to popularise this therapy. The ancient teachers of this therapy based their exercises on observations of the movements of animals whose movements appeared so much more fluid than that of humans. Slow, physical movements are interspersed with still positions and are designed to promote inner calm and concentration. No exercise stretches a participant beyond their physical comfort zone, and the teacher monitors each individual's progress carefully. Breathing is an important part of this therapy and various exercises are introduced to develop different types of breathing. Practising yoga involves patience and commitment.
Notes: Used to treat back pain, headaches, heart conditions, asthma, bronchitis and mental and physical tension. Some chronic conditions also benefit such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes and osteoporosis. It can also help women prepare for natural childbirth.
Professional Organisation:
If you represent a Complementary or Natural Therapy not listed above, and
would like to add information to this directory, please email
or send your text to interCONNECTIONS, PO Box 156, Cheltenham GL52 3YQ.
Please include address and telephone details of any relevant professional
organisations.
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